They did not lead useful lives. ‘Their hatred is an expression of a desperate effort to suppress an awareness of inadequacy, worthlessness, guilt and other shortcomings of the self. Self-contempt is transmuted into the hatred of others. Where people live autonomous lives and are not badly off, yet are without abilities or opportunities for creative work or useful action, there is no telling to what desperate and fantastic shifts they might resort in order to give meaning and purpose to their lives.’